8.6  Vergelijkingen en gelijkheden >
Goniometrische vergelijkingen
1

cos ⁡ ( x ) = 0,3
x = 1,266... + k ⋅ 2 π of x = ‐ 1,266... + k ⋅ 2 π
De gezochte oplossingen zijn: 1,27 , 7,55 en 5,02 .


sin ⁡ ( x ) = 0,3
x = 0,30... + k ⋅ 2 π of x = π − 0,30... + k ⋅ 2 π = 2,8369 + k ⋅ 2 π
De gezochte oplossingen zijn: 0,30 , 6,59 , 2,84 en 9,12 .


cos ⁡ ( x ) = ‐ 0,3
x = 1,875... + k ⋅ 2 π of x = ‐ 1,875... + k ⋅ 2 π
De gezochte oplossingen zijn: 1,88 , 8,16 en 4,41 .


sin ⁡ ( x ) = ‐ 0,3
x = ‐ 0,30... + k ⋅ 2 π of x = π − ‐ 0,30... + k ⋅ 2 π = 3,446... + k ⋅ 2 π
De gezochte oplossingen zijn: 5,98 en 3,45 .

2
a

sin ⁡ ( x ) = sin ⁡ ( 1 3 π )
x = 1 3 π + k ⋅ 2 π of x = π − 1 3 π + k ⋅ 2 π = 2 3 π + k ⋅ 2 π
De oplossingen zijn: 1 3 π en 2 3 π .


cos ⁡ ( x ) = cos ⁡ ( 1 3 π )
x = 1 3 π + k ⋅ 2 π of x = ‐ 1 3 π + k ⋅ 2 π
De oplossingen zijn: 1 3 π en 1 2 3 π .


sin ⁡ ( x ) = sin ⁡ ( 4 x )
x = 4 x + k ⋅ 2 π of x = π − 4 x + k ⋅ 2 π
‐ 3 x = k ⋅ 2 π of 5 x = π + k ⋅ 2 π
x = k ⋅ ‐ 2 3 π of x = 1 5 π + k ⋅ 2 5 π
De oplossingen zijn: 0 , 2 3 π , 1 1 3 π , 1 5 π , 3 5 π , π , 1 2 5 π , 1 4 5 π en 2 π .


cos ⁡ ( x ) = cos ⁡ ( 4 x )
x = 4 x + k ⋅ 2 π of x = ‐ 4 x + k ⋅ 2 π
‐ 3 x = k ⋅ 2 π of 5 x = k ⋅ 2 π
x = k ⋅ ‐ 2 3 π of x = k ⋅ 2 5 π
De oplossingen zijn: 0 , 2 3 π , 1 1 3 π , 2 π , 2 5 π , 4 5 π , 1 1 5 π en 1 3 5 π .

b

sin ⁡ ( x ) = ‐ sin ⁡ ( x )
sin ⁡ ( x ) = sin ⁡ ( ‐ x )
x = ‐ x + k ⋅ 2 π of x = π − ‐ x + k ⋅ 2 π
2 x = k ⋅ 2 π dus x = k ⋅ π
De oplossingen zijn: 0 , π en 2 π .


cos ⁡ ( x ) = ‐ cos ⁡ ( x )
cos ⁡ ( x ) = cos ⁡ ( x + π )
x = x + π + k ⋅ 2 π of x = ‐ x − π + k ⋅ 2 π
2 x = ‐ π + k ⋅ 2 π dus x = ‐ 1 2 π + k ⋅ π
De oplossingen zijn: 1 2 π en 1 1 2 π .


sin ⁡ ( x ) = cos ⁡ ( 1 3 π )
cos ⁡ ( 1 2 π − x ) = cos ⁡ ( 1 3 π )
1 2 π − x = 1 3 π + k ⋅ 2 π of 1 2 π − x = ‐ 1 3 π + k ⋅ 2 π
x = 1 6 π − k ⋅ 2 π of x = 5 6 π − k ⋅ 2 π
De oplossingen zijn: 1 6 π en 5 6 π .


cos ⁡ ( x ) = sin ⁡ ( 1 3 π )
sin ⁡ ( 1 2 π − x ) = sin ⁡ ( 1 3 π )
1 2 π − x = 1 3 π + k ⋅ 2 π of 1 2 π − x = π − 1 3 π + k ⋅ 2 π
x = 1 6 π − k ⋅ 2 π of x = ‐ 1 6 π − k ⋅ 2 π
De oplossingen zijn: 1 6 π en 1 5 6 π .

c

sin ⁡ ( x ) = cos ⁡ ( x )
cos ⁡ ( 1 2 π − x ) = cos ⁡ ( x )
1 2 π − x = x + k ⋅ 2 π of 1 2 π − x = ‐ x + k ⋅ 2 π
2 x = 1 2 π − k ⋅ 2 π dus x = 1 4 π − k ⋅ π
De oplossingen zijn: 1 4 π en 1 1 4 π .


sin ⁡ ( x ) = ‐ cos ⁡ ( x )
cos ⁡ ( 1 2 π − x ) = cos ⁡ ( π − x )
1 2 π − x = π − x + k ⋅ 2 π of 1 2 π − x = ‐ π + x + k ⋅ 2 π
2 x = 1 1 2 π - k ⋅ 2 π dus x = 3 4 π - k ⋅ π
De oplossingen zijn: 3 4 π en 1 3 4 π .


sin ⁡ ( x ) = sin ⁡ ( x + 2 )
x = x + 2 + k ⋅ 2 π of x = π − ( x + 2 ) + k ⋅ 2 π
2 x = π − 2 + k ⋅ 2 π dus x = 1 2 π − 1 + k ⋅ π
De oplossingen zijn: 1 2 π − 1 en 1 1 2 π − 1 .


cos ⁡ ( x ) = cos ⁡ ( x + 2 )
x = x + 2 + k ⋅ 2 π of x = ‐ ( x + 2 ) + k ⋅ 2 π
2 x = ‐ 2 + k ⋅ 2 π dus x = ‐ 1 + k ⋅ π
De oplossingen zijn: ‐ 1 + π en ‐ 1 + 2 π .

3
a

x = 3 x − 2 1 4 π + k ⋅ 2 π of x = π − ( 3 x − 2 1 4 π) + k ⋅ 2 π
‐ 2 x = ‐ 2 1 4 π + k ⋅ 2 π of 4 x = 3 1 4 π + k ⋅ 2 π
x = 1 1 8 π − k ⋅ π of x = 13 16 π + k ⋅ 1 2 π
De oplossingen zijn: 1 8 π , 1 1 8 π , 5 16 π , 13 16 π , 1 5 16 π en 1 13 16 π .

b

x + 1 4 π = 2 x − 1 1 4 π + k ⋅ 2 π of x + 1 4 π = ‐ ( 2 x − 1 1 4 π) + k ⋅ 2 π
‐ x = ‐ 1 1 2 π + k ⋅ 2 π of 3 x = π + k ⋅ 2 π
x = 1 1 2 π − k ⋅ 2 π of x = 1 3 π + k ⋅ 2 3 π
De oplossingen zijn: 1 1 2 π , 1 3 π , π en 1 2 3 π .

c

sin ⁡ ( x − 5 6 π ) = sin ⁡ ( 1 2 π − x )
x − 5 6 π = 1 2 π − x + k ⋅ 2 π of x − 5 6 π = π − ( 1 2 π − x ) + k ⋅ 2 π
2 x = 1 1 3 π + k ⋅ 2 π dus x = 2 3 π + k ⋅ π
De oplossingen zijn: 2 3 π en 1 2 3 π .

d

cos ⁡ ( 1 2 π − x ) = cos ⁡ ( 6 7 π )
1 2 π − x = 6 7 π + k ⋅ 2 π of 1 2 π − x = ‐ 6 7 π + k ⋅ 2 π
x = ‐ 5 14 π − k ⋅ 2 π of x = 1 5 14 π − k ⋅ 2 π
De oplossingen zijn: 1 9 14 π en 1 5 14 π .

e

sin ⁡ ( x + 1 4 π ) = cos ⁡ ( π + x )
sin ⁡ ( x + 1 4 π ) = sin ⁡ ( ‐ 1 2 π − x )
x + 1 4 π = ‐ 1 2 π − x + k ⋅ 2 π of x + 1 4 π = π − ( ‐ 1 2 π − x ) + k ⋅ 2 π
2 x = ‐ 3 4 π + k ⋅ 2 π dus x = ‐ 3 8 π + k ⋅ π
De oplossingen zijn: 5 8 π en 1 5 8 π .

f

cos ⁡ ( 1 2 π − 2 x ) = cos ⁡ ( 3 x )
1 2 π − 2 x = 3 x + k ⋅ 2 π of 1 2 π − 2 x = ‐ 3 x + k ⋅ 2 π
‐ 5 x = ‐ 1 2 π + k ⋅ 2 π of x = ‐ 1 2 π + k ⋅ 2 π
x = 1 10 π − k ⋅ 2 5 π of x = ‐ 1 2 π + k ⋅ 2 π
De oplossingen zijn: 1 10 π , 1 2 π , 9 10 π , 1 3 10 π , 1 7 10 π en 1 1 2 π .

4
a

1 − sin ⁡ 2 ( x ) + sin ⁡ ( x ) = 1
sin ⁡ 2 ( x ) − sin ⁡ ( x ) = 0
sin ⁡ ( x ) ( sin ⁡ ( x ) − 1 ) = 0
sin ⁡ ( x ) = 0 of sin ⁡ ( x ) = 1
x = k ⋅ π of x = 1 2 π + k ⋅ 2 π

b

2 cos ⁡ 2 ( x ) − 1 + cos ⁡ ( x ) + 1 = 0
2 cos ⁡ 2 ( x ) + cos ⁡ ( x ) = 0
2 cos ⁡ ( x ) ( cos ⁡ ( x ) + 1 2 ) = 0
2 cos ⁡ ( x ) = 0 of cos ⁡ ( x ) = ‐ 1 2
x = 1 2 π + k ⋅ π of x = 2 3 π + k ⋅ 2 π of x = ‐ 2 3 π + k ⋅ 2 π

c

1 − sin ⁡ 2 ( x ) + 3 sin ⁡ ( x ) = 3
sin ⁡ 2 ( x ) − 3 sin ⁡ ( x ) + 2 = 0
( sin ⁡ ( x ) − 2 ) ( sin ⁡ ( x ) − 1 ) = 0
sin ⁡ ( x ) = 2 of sin ⁡ ( x ) = 1
x = 1 2 π + k ⋅ 2 π

d

1 − 2 sin ⁡ 2 ( x ) = 1 − sin ⁡ ( x )
2 sin ⁡ 2 ( x ) − sin ⁡ ( x ) = 0
2 sin ⁡ ( x ) ( sin ⁡ ( x ) − 1 2 ) = 0
sin ⁡ ( x ) = 0 of sin ⁡ ( x ) = 1 2
x = k ⋅ π of x = 1 6 π + k ⋅ 2 π of x = 5 6 π + k ⋅ 2 π

5
a

sin ⁡ ( x + 1 3 π ) sin ⁡ ( x − 1 3 π ) = sin ⁡ ( x ) ⋅ cos ⁡ ( 1 3 π ) + cos ⁡ ( x ) ⋅ sin ⁡ ( 1 3 π ) sin ⁡ ( x ) ⋅ cos ⁡ ( 1 3 π ) − cos ⁡ ( x ) ⋅ sin ⁡ ( 1 3 π ) =
1 2 sin ⁡ ( x ) + 1 2 3 cos ⁡ ( x ) 1 2 sin ⁡ ( x ) − 1 2 3 cos ⁡ ( x ) = sin ⁡ ( x ) + 3 cos ⁡ ( x ) sin ⁡ ( x ) − 3 cos ⁡ ( x )

b

( sin ⁡ ( x ) + cos ⁡ ( x ) ) 2 ( sin ⁡ ( x ) − cos ⁡ ( x ) ) 2 = sin ⁡ 2 ( x ) + cos ⁡ 2 ( x ) + 2 sin ⁡ ( x ) ⋅ cos ⁡ ( x ) sin ⁡ 2 ( x ) + cos ⁡ 2 ( x ) − 2 sin ⁡ ( x ) ⋅ cos ⁡ ( x ) = 1 + sin ⁡ ( 2 x ) 1 − sin ⁡ ( 2 x )

c

cos ⁡ ( 2 x ) sin ⁡ ( x ) + cos ⁡ ( x ) = cos ⁡ 2 ( x ) − sin ⁡ 2 ( x ) sin ⁡ ( x ) + cos ⁡ ( x ) = ( cos ⁡ ( x ) − sin ⁡ ( x ) ) ( cos ⁡ ( x ) + sin ⁡ ( x ) ) sin ⁡ ( x ) + cos ⁡ ( x ) = cos ⁡ ( x ) − sin ⁡ ( x )

d

cos ⁡ ( 2 x ) cos ⁡ ( x ) = 2 cos ⁡ 2 ( x ) − 1 cos ⁡ ( x ) = 2   cos ⁡ ( x ) − 1 cos ⁡ ( x )

e

cos ⁡ ( 2 ( x − 1 4 π ) ) cos ⁡ ( x − 1 2 π ) = cos ⁡ ( 2 x − 1 2 π ) cos ⁡ ( x − 1 2 π ) = sin ⁡ ( 2 x ) sin ⁡ ( x ) = 2 ⋅ sin ⁡ ( x ) ⋅ cos ⁡ ( x ) sin ⁡ ( x ) = 2 ⋅ cos ⁡ ( x )

6
a

sin ⁡ 2 ( x ) + 2 sin ⁡ ( x ) cos ⁡ ( x ) + cos ⁡ 2 ( x ) = 1 + cos ⁡ ( x )
2 sin ⁡ ( x ) cos ⁡ ( x ) = cos ⁡ ( x )
cos ⁡ ( x ) = 0 of 2 sin ⁡ ( x ) = 1
cos ⁡ ( x ) = 0 of sin ⁡ ( x ) = 1 2
x = 1 2 π + k ⋅ π of x = 1 6 π + k ⋅ 2 π of x = 5 6 π + k ⋅ 2 π

b

2 cos ⁡ 2 ( x ) + 2 sin ⁡ ( x ) cos ⁡ ( x ) = 0
cos ⁡ ( x ) ( cos ⁡ ( x ) + sin ⁡ ( x ) ) = 0
cos ⁡ ( x ) = 0 of cos ⁡ ( x ) = ‐ sin ⁡ ( x )
x = 1 2 π + k ⋅ π of x = ‐ 1 4 π + k ⋅ π

c

2 sin ⁡ 2 ( x ) − 1 = ‐ cos ⁡ ( x + 1 4 π )
‐ cos ⁡ ( 2 x ) = ‐ cos ⁡ ( x + 1 4 π )
2 x = x + 1 4 π + k ⋅ 2 π of 2 x = ‐ ( x + 1 4 π ) + k ⋅ 2 π
x = 1 4 π + k ⋅ 2 π of 3 x = ‐ 1 4 π + k ⋅ 2 π
x = 1 4 π + k ⋅ 2 π of x = ‐ 1 12 π + k ⋅ 2 3 π

d

4 sin ⁡ 3 ⁡ ( x ) = 3 ⋅ 2 sin ⁡ ( x ) cos ⁡ ( x )
4 sin ⁡ 3 ⁡ ( x ) − 6 sin ⁡ ( x ) cos ⁡ ( x ) = 0
sin ⁡ ( x ) ( 4 sin ⁡ 2 ( x ) − 6 cos ⁡ ( x ) ) = 0
sin ⁡ ( x ) = 0 of 4 sin ⁡ 2 ( x ) = 6 cos ⁡ ( x )
sin ⁡ ( x ) = 0 of 4 − 4 cos ⁡ 2 ( x ) = 6 cos ⁡ ( x )
sin ⁡ ( x ) = 0 of 4 cos ⁡ 2 ( x ) + 6 cos ⁡ ( x ) − 4 = 0
sin ⁡ ( x ) = 0 of ( 2 cos ⁡ ( x ) + 4 ) ( 2 cos ⁡ ( x ) − 1 ) = 0
sin ⁡ ( x ) = 0 of cos ⁡ ( x ) = ‐ 2 of cos ⁡ ( x ) = 1 2
x = k ⋅ π of x = 1 3 π + k ⋅ 2 π of x = ‐ 1 3 π + k ⋅ 2 π

e

( cos ⁡ ( x ) ⋅ 1 2 2 − sin ⁡ ( x ) ⋅ 1 2 2 ) ( cos ⁡ ( x ) ⋅ 1 2 2 + sin ⁡ ( x ) ⋅ 1 2 2 ) = sin ⁡ ( x ) cos ⁡ ( x )
cos ⁡ 2 ( x ) − sin ⁡ 2 ( x ) = 2 sin ⁡ ( x ) cos ⁡ ( x )
cos ⁡ ( 2 x ) = sin ⁡ ( 2 x )
x = 1 8 π + k ⋅ 1 2 π

7
a

cos ⁡ 4 ⁡ ( x ) − sin ⁡ 4 ⁡ ( x ) = ( cos ⁡ 2 ( x ) − sin ⁡ 2 ( x ) ) ( cos ⁡ 2 ( x ) + sin ⁡ 2 ( x ) ) =
( cos ⁡ 2 ( x ) − sin ⁡ 2 ( x ) ) ⋅ 1 = cos ⁡ 2 ( x ) − sin ⁡ 2 ( x )

b

sin ⁡ 6 ⁡ ( x ) + 3 sin ⁡ 2 ( x ) ⋅ cos ⁡ 2 ( x ) + cos ⁡ 6 ⁡ ( x ) =
sin ⁡ 6 ⁡ ( x ) + 3 sin ⁡ 2 ( 1 − sin ⁡ 2 ( x ) ) + ( 1 − sin ⁡ 2 ( x ) ) 3 =
sin ⁡ 6 ⁡ ( x ) + 3 sin ⁡ 2 ( x ) − 3 sin ⁡ 4 ⁡ ( x ) + 1 − 3 sin ⁡ 2 ( x ) + 3 sin ⁡ 4 ⁡ ( x ) − sin ⁡ 6 ⁡ ( x ) = 1

c

sin ⁡ ( x + y ) ⋅ sin ⁡ ( x − y ) =
( sin ⁡ ( x ) cos ⁡ ( y ) + cos ⁡ ( x ) sin ⁡ ( y ) ) ( sin ⁡ ( x ) cos ⁡ ( y ) − cos ⁡ ( x ) sin ⁡ ( y ) ) =
sin ⁡ 2 ( x ) cos ⁡ 2 ( y ) − cos ⁡ 2 ( x ) sin ⁡ 2 ( y ) =
( 1 − cos ⁡ 2 ( x ) ) cos ⁡ 2 ( y ) − cos 2 ( x ) ( 1 − cos ⁡ 2 ( y ) ) =
cos ⁡ 2 ( y ) − cos ⁡ 2 ( x ) ⋅ cos ⁡ 2 ( y ) − cos ⁡ 2 ( x ) + cos ⁡ 2 ( x ) ⋅ cos ⁡ 2 ( y ) = cos ⁡ 2 ( y ) − cos ⁡ 2 ( x ) ,
dus cos ⁡ 2 ( y ) − sin ⁡ ( x + y ) sin ⁡ ( x − y ) − cos ⁡ 2 ( x ) = 0